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Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A wheelchair loading ramps ramp can be an important tool to help your loved ones live more independently at home. But if not designed correctly, they can be dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require level landings at all changes in direction to avoid compound slopes. They must also provide an accessible surface for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp design should meet the Americans with Disabilities Act standards to allow wheelchairs to move around the structure easily. For example, the ramp slope must not exceed the ratio 1:12 and must have level landings at any direction change or shift in the ramp's surface. It should also be constructed using treated lumber which is more durable than untreated and can weather precipitation better.

The sides and top of the ramp should be free of obstructions such as bushes, trees or other structures that could interfere with the safe passage of the ramp's user. The ramp's surface should also be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require an anti-slip running surface on the ramp's entire length.

For the frame of the ramp choose treated lumber that is at least four inches wide. To secure the ramp, build posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend to below the ground level. The posts should be connected with the ramp's railings by using spindles. This type of connection is preferred since it minimizes the risk of a ramp operator falling off the side of the ramp.

Then, construct the ramp's frame using joists that are at least 16 inches long and beams that measure 2 by 4 inches. The joists should be at least 18 inches above ground and secured by Joist hangings which are nails that sit within the joists, preventing them from sliding. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer.

Add an upper landing near the doorway, allowing wheelchair occupants to manage the doorswing easily. The landing should be enough to provide at least 12-24 inches of "elbow space" on the handle side of out-swing doors. The landing for in-swinging doors should be 58 x 60 inches to accommodate the threshold of the door and a wheelchair user who has to walk backwards in the doorway.

Install an elevated landing at every change in ramp direction to prevent the necessity for wheelchairs to hit on their brakes when turning corners. A level landing allows you to move the ramp out of the way, if needed, so that lawnmowers or other equipment can slide under it.

Materials

The materials used to construct ramps for wheelchairs could be made of wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installation company will help you choose the best option for your business or home. When choosing the material to use for the ramp, it's crucial to consider your budget and requirements. The ramp should be simple to maintain and should be safe for use. Some cities require that the ramp be paved with a non-slip surface.

Be sure to check with your local government for permits prior to building or purchasing any materials. Also, be certain to follow the local building codes. The wrong materials or construction techniques can create dangerous conditions for wheelchair-users. You can find the most current information on construction requirements at your local building department office library or online.

Wood ramps are often the least expensive of ADA ramp materials, however they require more maintenance than other alternatives. The surface of wood ramps should be treated regularly with a sealer to avoid warping and rot. Wood splinters can be a problem, and could be particularly dangerous for people in wheelchairs. Wood ramps also require additional support in order to maintain the structure.

Concrete ramps are extremely durable and long-lasting, but they can be expensive. They are also heavy, which demands more work to construct and makes moving the ramp once it's no longer required difficult. Concrete ramps are sturdy enough to support the weight of power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps weigh less than concrete or steel, but they have the same strength and corrosion resistance. They are also cheaper than iron and steel, making them an excellent alternative for those on an extremely tight budget. Aluminum is a green choice because it is found in the earth's crust naturally and can be recycled.

The upper ramp's landing should be level or within 3/8 inch of the door threshold to allow the front wheels of smaller wheelchairs to move over it without getting stuck. Ramps that have a gap greater than this do not conform to ADA standards. You should also make sure that the ramp is smooth transitioning from the upper landing to the ground surface. The final section of the ramp should be curved to prevent wheelchairs from stopping abruptly when they leave or enter the home.

Installation

A ramp for wheelchairs is a plane inclined that can be installed as an alternative to or in addition to stairs. It allows wheelchair users and people who use strollers or carts to access areas that would otherwise be difficult to reach like a front door or a set of steep steps.

There are many factors to consider when selecting a ramp for wheelchairs such as height, location and cost. A ramp should be placed near the door as possible to help prevent unnecessary transportation. It should be placed at a level that the person using it is able to easily walk on it. It should be securely fixed to the floor and clear of obstructions like trees, cars parked or other obstacles.

ADA regulations stipulate that ramps must have handrails either side. The rails should be at least 36" apart and have an even or smooth gripping surface. Additionally, they should be affixed to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches over the ramp's edge. Handrails must be continuous if a ramp is designed with switchbacks or an L-shaped layout.

The length of the ramp is determined by its slope. However there are standard ramp types which are suitable for all situations. For example the threshold ramp is directly on the lip of a curb or the threshold of a doorway while ramps that are portable can be moved from one place to another and come in a variety of sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can also be constructed on-site. They are typically used for public or commercial spaces and are usually longer than the bridge threshold ramp for wheelchair and portable ramps.

Check with your city's construction department to determine whether a permit is required for an ongoing ramp. You should also speak to an expert in mobility about the kind of ramp that is best for your needs and the space. In some instances, installing a permanent ramp can even increase the resale value of your home.

Maintenance

It is important to maintain your removable wheelchair ramp van ramp, why not try here, ramp particularly if it is going to be used often. You'll need to conduct regular inspections, and fix any structural issues as they arise. This will ensure that the ramp is in compliance with all ADA requirements and is safe for the users.

Wooden ramps require frequent cleaning to get rid of dirt and debris that can obstruct access. Keeping the ramp clean will also prevent moisture from trapping under the surface and creating rot. Preservatives and stains for wood will only work only if the ramp is thoroughly cleaned before application.

Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps because they are more susceptible to wear and tear. The most important thing to do is ensure you have the right tools to complete the task. A set of gauge spanners as well as screwdrivers will be vital to ensure that all fixings are tight and secure. It is also important to regularly check the handrails to ensure they are in a good condition and do not show signs of corrosion or damage. It's possible that over time, with repeated usage and use, the bolts and fittings which hold the handrails in place may come loose and pose an extremely dangerous risk for those who use the ramp.

Another crucial aspect is to ensure that the surface of the ramp is grippy, especially during winter when conditions may be difficult. You'll need to clean away any leaves, dirt and other debris that can block the surface and cause slippage. You'll also want to apply an ice melt that's non-corrosive to the ramp surface to avoid injuries and slipping.

You should consider buying "snow tires" or traction wheels for your wheelchair if you plan to use it throughout the winter. They're specifically designed to offer better tracking on uneven and snowy surfaces and are therefore more effective than standard wheelchair tires in helping you stay on the ramp. Alternatively, you can place heating pads or tape on the ramp's surface to help melt ice and snow before it accumulates.